Stratigraphy and Depositional Setting of the Lower Missourian (Pennsylvanian) Bethany Falls and Mound Valley Limestones, Analogues for Age-Equivalent Ooid-Grainstone Reservoirs, Kansas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17161/cres.v0i235.11792Abstract
Significant quantities of mobile oil remain in Pennsylvanian reservoirsin the midcontinent region of the United States. To recover this oil efficiently, we mustunderstand the factors that control heterogeneity in these complex reservoirs. One wayto accomplish this is to evaluate reservoir-quality carbonate units that occur in both theoutcrop and the shallow subsurface as analogues to equivalent producing zones. Insoutheastern Kansas the lower Missourian Bethany Falls and Mound Valley limestonescontain oolitic grainstones similar to coeval productive lithofacies that occur in thedeeper subsurface to the west. Depositional sequence analysis of these grainstone-bearing units suggests that (1) at least two cycles of relative sea-level change led to thedeposition of discrete oolitic grainstones that are separated by subaerial exposuresurfaces, with these surfaces strongly influencing the vertical distribution of porosity,and (2) the character and distribution of reservoir-scale grainstone buildups werestrongly controlled by preexisting depositional topography.
References
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Weller, J. M., 1930, Cyclical sedimentation of the Pennsylvanian Period and its significance: Journal of Geology, v. 38, p. 97–135
Boardman, D. R., II, and Heckel, P. H., 1989, Glacial-eustatic sealevel curve for early Late Pennsylvanian sequence in northcentral Texas and biostratigraphic correlation with curve for midcontinent North America: Geology, v. 17, p. 802–805
Crowell, J. C., 1978, Gondwanan glaciation, cyclothems, continental positioning, and climate change: American Journal of Science, v. 278, p. 1,345–1,372
Galloway, W. E., and Brown, L. F., 1973, Depositional systems and shelf-slope correlations on cratonic basin margin, uppermost Pennsylvanian of north-central Texas: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 57, p. 1,185–1,218
Goldhammer, R. K., Oswald, E. J., and Dunn, P. A., 1991, Hierarchy of stratigraphic forcing—example from Middle Pennsylvanian shelf carbonates of the Paradox basin; in, Sedimentary modeling—computer simulations and methods for improved parameter definition, Franseen, E. K., Watney, W. L., Kendall, C. G. St. C., and Ross, W., eds.: Kansas Geological Survey, Bulletin 233, p. 361–413
Goldstein, R. H., Anderson, J. E., and Bowman, M. W., 1991, Diagenetic responses to sea-level change—integration of field, stable isotope, paleosol, paleokarst, fluid inclusion, and cement stratigraphy research to determine history and magnitude of sealevel fluctuation; in, Sedimentary modeling—computer simulations and methods for improved parameter definition, Franseen, E. K., Watney, W. L., Kendall, C. G. St. C., and Ross, W., eds.: Kansas Geological Survey, Bulletin 233, p. 139–162
Heckel, P. H., 1977, Origin of phosphatic black shale facies in Pennsylvanian cyclothems of midcontinent North America: American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Bulletin, v. 61, p. 1,045–1,068
________, 1983, Diagenetic model for carbonate rocks in midcontinent Pennsylvanian eustatic cyclothems: Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, v. 53, p. 733–759
________, 1984, Factors in midcontinent Pennsylvanian limestone deposition; in, Limestones of the midcontinent, Hyne, N. J., ed.: Tulsa Geological Society, Special Publication 2, p. 25–50
________, 1986, Sea-level curve for Pennsylvanian eustatic marine transgressive-regressive depositional cycles along midcontinent outcrop belt, North America: Geology, v. 14, p. 330–334
________, 1990, Evidence for global (glacial-eustatic) control over upper Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian) cyclothems in midcontinent North America; in, Tectonic events responsible for Britain’s oil and gas reserves, Hardman, R. F. P., and Brooks, J., eds.: Geological Society, Special Publication 55, p. 35–47
Hunt, D., and Tucker, M. E., 1992, Stranded parasequences and the forced regressive wedge systems tract—deposition during baselevel fall: Sedimentary Geology, v. 81, p. 1–9
Mitchum, R. M., Jr., and Van Wagoner, J. C., 1990, High-frequency sequences and their stacking patterns—sequence-stratigraphic evidence of high-frequency eustatic cycles: Sedimentary Geology, v. 70, p. 131–160
Mitchum, R. M., Jr., Vail, P. R., and Thompson, S., III, 1977, Part II, The depositional sequence as a basic unit for stratigraphic analysis; in, Seismic stratigraphy applications to hydrocarbon exploration, Payton, C. E., ed.: American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Memoir 26, p. 53–62
Moore, R. C., 1931, Pennsylvanian cycles in the northern midcontinent region: Illinois Geological Survey, Bulletin 60, p 247–257
Posamentier, H. W., James, D. P., and Allen, G. P., 1990, Aspects of sequence stratigraphy—recent and ancient examples of forced regressions (abs.): American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 74, p. 742
Rascoe, B., Jr., and Adler, F. J., 1983, Permo-Carboniferous hydrocarbon accumulations, midcontinent U.S.A.: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 67, p. 979–1,001
Udden, J. A., 1912, Geology and mineral resources of the Peoria Quadrangle, Illinois: U.S. Geological Survey, Professional Paper 506, 103 p
Van Wagoner, J. C., Mitchum, R. M., Campion, K. M., and Rahmanian, V. D., 1990, Siliciclastic sequence stratigraphy in well logs, cores, and outcrops: AAPG Methods in Exploration Series 7, Tulsa, Oklahoma
Veevers, J. J., and Powell, C. M., 1987, Late Paleozoic glacial episodes in Gondwanaland reflected in transgressive-regressive depositional sequences in Euramerica: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 98, p. 475–487
Watney, W. L., 1980, Cyclic sedimentation of the Lansing and Kansas City Groups (Missourian) in northwestern Kansas and southwestern Nebraska—a guide for petroleum exploration: Kansas Geological Survey, Bulletin 220, 72 p
Watney, W. L., 1984, Recognition of favorable reservoir trends in Upper Pennsylvanian cyclic carbonates in western Kansas; in, Limestones of the midcontinent, Hyne, N. J., ed.: Tulsa Geological Society, Special Publication 2, p. 201–246
Watney, W. L., and French, J. A., 1988, Characterization of carbonate reservoirs in the Lansing–Kansas City Groups (Upper Pennsylvanian) in Victory field, Haskell County, Kansas; in, Occurrence and petrophysical properties of carbonate reservoirs in the Rocky Mountain region, Goolsby, S. M., and Longman, M. W., eds.: 1988 Carbonate Symposium, Rocky Mountain Association of Geologists, p. 27–46
Watney, W. L., French, J. A., and Franseen, E. K., 1989, Sequencestratigraphic interpretations and modeling of cyclothems: Guidebook, 41st Annual Field Trip, Kansas Geological Survey and Kansas Geological Society, 211 p
Watney, W. L., Stephens, B., and Wong, J. C., 1992, Cahoj field— U.S.A., Anadarko basin, Kansas; in, Structural traps VI—treatise of petroleum geology atlas of oil and gas fields, Foster, N. H., and Beaumont, E. A., compilers: p. 239–273
Watney, W. L., French, J. A., Guy, B., Carlson, R., and Wong, J. C., 1993, Geological characterization of oolitic grainstone reservoirs in the Upper Pennsylvanian Lansing–Kansas City Groups in Victory Field and near-surface analogs in Kansas; in, Reservoir description workshop—application of underutilized technologies: Kansas Geological Survey, Open-File Report 93-5, p 145–174
Weller, J. M., 1930, Cyclical sedimentation of the Pennsylvanian Period and its significance: Journal of Geology, v. 38, p. 97–135
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French, John A., and W. Lynn Watney. 1993. “Stratigraphy and Depositional Setting of the Lower Missourian (Pennsylvanian) Bethany Falls and Mound Valley Limestones, Analogues for Age-Equivalent Ooid-Grainstone Reservoirs, Kansas”. Current Research in Earth Sciences 235 (July): 27-39. https://doi.org/10.17161/cres.v0i235.11792.
