Spatial Relation of Bumblebees (Hymenoptera-Apidae) with Host-Plant and their Conservation Issues: An Outlook from Urban Ecosystem of Kathmandu Valley, Nepal
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.2478/eje-2019-0008Keywords:
abundance, pollination, hostplants, land use, conservationAbstract
Ecology and conservation status of bumblebee species remains poorly understood, especially in rapidly degrading urban ecosystems, which is important considering the role of bumblebees in the pollinations. We collected more than 200 bumblebee (Bombus spp.) specimens under six species in different parts of the Kathmandu valley (Kathmandu, Lalitpur, and Bhaktapur cities) in Nepal. The species of bumblebees were analyzed with their host plant types and the land use change using remote sensing and field observation data. We found that the bumblebees exert strong variation and were significantly affected by the families of the host plants and the nature of flowers (open and closed type) rather than colors and categories (invasive and noninvasive). We underline that the rapid habitat loss by changing land use in the study area can be a potential threat to the conservation of these important pollinators, and thus, need focused habitat conservation efforts.References
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pollination and insect pollinated plants in Britain and Netherlands.
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L.F., Griswold, T.L. (2011) Patterns of widespread decline in
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and habitat quality. Ecological Applications, 21(5), 1760–1771.
Chittka, L., Raine, N.E. (2006) Recognition of flowers by pollinators. Current
Opinion in Plant Biology, 9(4):428–435
Cnaani, J., Thomson J.D., Papaj, D.R. (2006) Flower choice and learning
in foraging bumblebees: effects of variation in nectar volume
and concentration. Ethology, 112(3):278–285
Corbet, S.A., Fussell, M., Ake, R., Fraser, A., Gunson, C., Savage, A.,
Smith, K. (1993) Temperature and the pollinating activity of social
bees. Ecological Entomology, 18(1):17–30
Dotterl, S., Gluc,k U., Jurgens, A., Woodring, J., Aas, G. (2014) Floral
reward, advertisement and attractiveness to honey bees in dioecious
Salix caprea. PloS one, 9(3), e93421
Dyer, A.G., Chittka, L. (2004) Fine colour discrimination requires differential
conditioning in bumblebees. Naturwissenschaften,
91(5):224–227
Elliott, S.E. (2009) Subalpine bumble bee foraging distances and densities
in relation to flower availability. Environmental Entomology,
38(3);748–756
Faeth, S.H., Bang, C., Saari, S. (2011) Urban biodiversity: Patterns and
mechanisms. Ann N Y AcadSci, 1223:69–81. Doi: https://doi.
org/10.1111/j. 1749-6632.2010. 05925.x
Fornoff, F., Klein, A.M., Hartig, F., Benadi, G., Venjakob, C., Schaefer,
H.M., Ebeling, A. (2017) Functional flower traits and their diversity
drive pollinator visitation. Oikos, 126(7):1020–1030
Gardiner, M.M., Prajzner, S.P., Burkman CE, Albro S, Grewal PS (2014)
Vacant land conversion to community gardens: influences on
generalist arthropod predators and biocontrol services in urban
greenspaces. Urban Ecosyst, 17:101–122. Doi: https://doi.
org/10.1007/ s11252-013-0303-6
Geslin, B., Gauzens, B., Thebault, E., Dajoz, I. (2013) Plant pollinator
networks along a gradient of urbanisation. PloS one, 8, e63421
Goulson, D., Lepais, O., O’Connor, S., Osborne, J.L., Sanderson, R.A.,
Cussans, J., Darvill. B. (2010) Effects of land use at a landscape
scale on bumblebee nest density and survival. Journal of Applied
Ecology, 47(6):1207–1215
Grimm, N.B., Faeth, S.H., Golubiewski, N.E., Redman, C.L., Wu, J., Bai,
X., Briggs, J.M. (2008) Global change and the ecology of cities.
Science, 319(5864):756–760
Grixti, J.C., Wong, L.T., Cameron, S.A., Favret, C. (2009) Decline of bumble
bees (Bombus) in the North American Midwest. Biological
Conservation, 142:75–84
Gunnarsson, B., &Federsel, L. M. (2014). Bumblebees in the city: abundance,
species richness and diversity in two urban habitats.
Journal of Insect Conservation, 18(6), 1185–1191
Jacobson, M.M., Tucker, E.M., Mathiasson, M.E., Rehan, S.M. (2018)
Decline of 410 bumble bees in northeastern North America,
with special focus on Bombusterricola. BiolConserv, 217:437–
445
Jha, S., &Kremen, C. (2013). Urban land use limits regional bumble bee
gene flow. Molecular Ecology, 22(9), 2483–2495.
Kerr, J.T., Pindar, A., Galpern, P., Packer, L., Potts, S.G., Roberts, S.M.,
Rasmont, P., Schweiger, O., Colla, S.R., Richardson, L.L., Wagner,
D.L., Gall, L.F., Sikes, D.S., Pantotoja, A. (2015) Climate change
impacts on bumblebees across continents. Science, 349:177–
180
Miller-Struttmann, N.E., Galen, C. (2014) High-altitude multi-taskers:
bumble bee food plant use broadens along an altitudinal productivity
gradient. Oecologia, 176:1033–1045
Myczko, L., Banaszak-Cibicka, W., Sparks, T. H., Tryjanowski, P. (2015)
Do queens of bumblebee species differ in their choice of flower
colour morphs of Corydalis cava (Fumariaceae)?. Apidologie,
46(3), 337–345.
Nagano, Y., Abe, K., Kitazawa, T., Hattori, M., Hirao, A.S., Itino, T. (2014)
Changes in pollinator fauna affect altitudinal variation of floralsize in a bumblebee‐pollinated herb. Ecology and Evolution,
4:3395–3407
Neil, K., & Wu, J. (2006). Effects of urbanization on plant flowering phenology:
a review. Urban Ecosystems, 9(3), 243–257.
Potts, S.G., Biesmeijer, J.C., Kremen, C., Neumann, P., Schweiger, O.,
Kunin, W.E. (2010) Global pollinator declines: trends, impacts
and drivers. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 25(6):345–353
Rasmont, P., Franzén, M., Lecocq, T., Harpke, A., Stuart, P.M.R., Biesmeijer,
J., Castro, L., Cederberg, B., Dvorák, L., Fitzpatrick, U., Gonseth,
Y., Haubruge, E., Mahé, G., Manino, A., Michez, D., Neumayer,
J., odegaard, F., Paukkunen, J., Pawlikowski, T., Simon, G.P.,
Reemer, M., Settele, J., Straka, J., Schweiger, O. (2015) Climatic
risk and distribution atlas of European bumblebees. BioRisk,
10:1–236
Raupp, M.J., Shrewsbury, P.M., Herms, D.A. (2010) Ecology of herbivorous
arthropods in urban landscapes. Annual Review of Entomology,
55
Reverté, S., Retana, J., Gómez, J.M., Bosch, J. (2016) Pollinators show
flower colour preferences but flowers with similar colours do
not attract similar pollinators. Annals of Botany, 118:249–257
Rocha, E. A., Fellowes, M.D. (2018) Does urbanization explain differences
in interactions between an insect herbivore and its natural
enemies and mutualists? Urban Ecosystems, 21:405–417
Saini, M.S., Raina, R.H., Ghator, H.S. (2015) Indian Bumblebees. Bishen
Singh 462 Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehra Dun, India
Sinu, P.A., Kuriakose, G., Shivanna, K.R. (2011) Is the bumblebee (Bombushaemorrhoidalis)
the only pollinator of large cardamom in
central Himalayas, India? Apidologie, 42:690–695
Stone, G.N., Raine, N.E., Prescott, M., Willmer, P.G. (2003) Pollination
ecology of acacias (Fabaceae, Mimosoideae). Australian Systematic
Botany, 16:103–118
Weiner, C.N., Werner, M., Linsenmair, K.E., Blüthgen, N. (2014) Land‐use
impacts on plant–pollinator networks: interaction strength and
specialization predict pollinator declines. Ecology, 95:466–474
Williams, P.H., Ito, M., Matsumura, T., Kudo, I. (2010) The bumblebees
of the Nepal Himalaya (Hymenoptera: Apidae). Insectamatsumurana.
Series entomology. New series 66:115–151
Williams, P.H., Osborne, J.L. (2009) Bumblebee vulnerability and conservation
world-wide. Apidologie, 40(3):367–387
Yu, W. B., LI, D. Z., & Wang, H. (2012). Highly efficient pollination by
bumblebees ensures seed production in Pedicularislachnoglossa
(Orobanchaceae), an early‐flowering Himalayan plant. Journal of
Systematics and Evolution, 50(3), 218–226.
Bereitgestellt
communities to invasive plants. Annual Review of Entomology,
59:119–141
Biesmeijer, J.C., Robert S.P.M., Reemer, M. (2006) Parallel declines in
pollination and insect pollinated plants in Britain and Netherlands.
Science, 313(5787):351–354
Cameron, S.A., Lozier, J.D., Strange, J.P., Koch, J.B., Cordes, N., Solter,
L.F., Griswold, T.L. (2011) Patterns of widespread decline in
North American bumble bees. Proc Natl AcadSci, 108:662–667
Carvell, C., Osborne, J. L., Bourke, A. F. G., Freeman, S. N., Pywell, R.
F. & Heard, M. S. (2011). Bumble bee species’ responses to a
targeted conservation measure depend on landscape context
and habitat quality. Ecological Applications, 21(5), 1760–1771.
Chittka, L., Raine, N.E. (2006) Recognition of flowers by pollinators. Current
Opinion in Plant Biology, 9(4):428–435
Cnaani, J., Thomson J.D., Papaj, D.R. (2006) Flower choice and learning
in foraging bumblebees: effects of variation in nectar volume
and concentration. Ethology, 112(3):278–285
Corbet, S.A., Fussell, M., Ake, R., Fraser, A., Gunson, C., Savage, A.,
Smith, K. (1993) Temperature and the pollinating activity of social
bees. Ecological Entomology, 18(1):17–30
Dotterl, S., Gluc,k U., Jurgens, A., Woodring, J., Aas, G. (2014) Floral
reward, advertisement and attractiveness to honey bees in dioecious
Salix caprea. PloS one, 9(3), e93421
Dyer, A.G., Chittka, L. (2004) Fine colour discrimination requires differential
conditioning in bumblebees. Naturwissenschaften,
91(5):224–227
Elliott, S.E. (2009) Subalpine bumble bee foraging distances and densities
in relation to flower availability. Environmental Entomology,
38(3);748–756
Faeth, S.H., Bang, C., Saari, S. (2011) Urban biodiversity: Patterns and
mechanisms. Ann N Y AcadSci, 1223:69–81. Doi: https://doi.
org/10.1111/j. 1749-6632.2010. 05925.x
Fornoff, F., Klein, A.M., Hartig, F., Benadi, G., Venjakob, C., Schaefer,
H.M., Ebeling, A. (2017) Functional flower traits and their diversity
drive pollinator visitation. Oikos, 126(7):1020–1030
Gardiner, M.M., Prajzner, S.P., Burkman CE, Albro S, Grewal PS (2014)
Vacant land conversion to community gardens: influences on
generalist arthropod predators and biocontrol services in urban
greenspaces. Urban Ecosyst, 17:101–122. Doi: https://doi.
org/10.1007/ s11252-013-0303-6
Geslin, B., Gauzens, B., Thebault, E., Dajoz, I. (2013) Plant pollinator
networks along a gradient of urbanisation. PloS one, 8, e63421
Goulson, D., Lepais, O., O’Connor, S., Osborne, J.L., Sanderson, R.A.,
Cussans, J., Darvill. B. (2010) Effects of land use at a landscape
scale on bumblebee nest density and survival. Journal of Applied
Ecology, 47(6):1207–1215
Grimm, N.B., Faeth, S.H., Golubiewski, N.E., Redman, C.L., Wu, J., Bai,
X., Briggs, J.M. (2008) Global change and the ecology of cities.
Science, 319(5864):756–760
Grixti, J.C., Wong, L.T., Cameron, S.A., Favret, C. (2009) Decline of bumble
bees (Bombus) in the North American Midwest. Biological
Conservation, 142:75–84
Gunnarsson, B., &Federsel, L. M. (2014). Bumblebees in the city: abundance,
species richness and diversity in two urban habitats.
Journal of Insect Conservation, 18(6), 1185–1191
Jacobson, M.M., Tucker, E.M., Mathiasson, M.E., Rehan, S.M. (2018)
Decline of 410 bumble bees in northeastern North America,
with special focus on Bombusterricola. BiolConserv, 217:437–
445
Jha, S., &Kremen, C. (2013). Urban land use limits regional bumble bee
gene flow. Molecular Ecology, 22(9), 2483–2495.
Kerr, J.T., Pindar, A., Galpern, P., Packer, L., Potts, S.G., Roberts, S.M.,
Rasmont, P., Schweiger, O., Colla, S.R., Richardson, L.L., Wagner,
D.L., Gall, L.F., Sikes, D.S., Pantotoja, A. (2015) Climate change
impacts on bumblebees across continents. Science, 349:177–
180
Miller-Struttmann, N.E., Galen, C. (2014) High-altitude multi-taskers:
bumble bee food plant use broadens along an altitudinal productivity
gradient. Oecologia, 176:1033–1045
Myczko, L., Banaszak-Cibicka, W., Sparks, T. H., Tryjanowski, P. (2015)
Do queens of bumblebee species differ in their choice of flower
colour morphs of Corydalis cava (Fumariaceae)?. Apidologie,
46(3), 337–345.
Nagano, Y., Abe, K., Kitazawa, T., Hattori, M., Hirao, A.S., Itino, T. (2014)
Changes in pollinator fauna affect altitudinal variation of floralsize in a bumblebee‐pollinated herb. Ecology and Evolution,
4:3395–3407
Neil, K., & Wu, J. (2006). Effects of urbanization on plant flowering phenology:
a review. Urban Ecosystems, 9(3), 243–257.
Potts, S.G., Biesmeijer, J.C., Kremen, C., Neumann, P., Schweiger, O.,
Kunin, W.E. (2010) Global pollinator declines: trends, impacts
and drivers. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 25(6):345–353
Rasmont, P., Franzén, M., Lecocq, T., Harpke, A., Stuart, P.M.R., Biesmeijer,
J., Castro, L., Cederberg, B., Dvorák, L., Fitzpatrick, U., Gonseth,
Y., Haubruge, E., Mahé, G., Manino, A., Michez, D., Neumayer,
J., odegaard, F., Paukkunen, J., Pawlikowski, T., Simon, G.P.,
Reemer, M., Settele, J., Straka, J., Schweiger, O. (2015) Climatic
risk and distribution atlas of European bumblebees. BioRisk,
10:1–236
Raupp, M.J., Shrewsbury, P.M., Herms, D.A. (2010) Ecology of herbivorous
arthropods in urban landscapes. Annual Review of Entomology,
55
Reverté, S., Retana, J., Gómez, J.M., Bosch, J. (2016) Pollinators show
flower colour preferences but flowers with similar colours do
not attract similar pollinators. Annals of Botany, 118:249–257
Rocha, E. A., Fellowes, M.D. (2018) Does urbanization explain differences
in interactions between an insect herbivore and its natural
enemies and mutualists? Urban Ecosystems, 21:405–417
Saini, M.S., Raina, R.H., Ghator, H.S. (2015) Indian Bumblebees. Bishen
Singh 462 Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehra Dun, India
Sinu, P.A., Kuriakose, G., Shivanna, K.R. (2011) Is the bumblebee (Bombushaemorrhoidalis)
the only pollinator of large cardamom in
central Himalayas, India? Apidologie, 42:690–695
Stone, G.N., Raine, N.E., Prescott, M., Willmer, P.G. (2003) Pollination
ecology of acacias (Fabaceae, Mimosoideae). Australian Systematic
Botany, 16:103–118
Weiner, C.N., Werner, M., Linsenmair, K.E., Blüthgen, N. (2014) Land‐use
impacts on plant–pollinator networks: interaction strength and
specialization predict pollinator declines. Ecology, 95:466–474
Williams, P.H., Ito, M., Matsumura, T., Kudo, I. (2010) The bumblebees
of the Nepal Himalaya (Hymenoptera: Apidae). Insectamatsumurana.
Series entomology. New series 66:115–151
Williams, P.H., Osborne, J.L. (2009) Bumblebee vulnerability and conservation
world-wide. Apidologie, 40(3):367–387
Yu, W. B., LI, D. Z., & Wang, H. (2012). Highly efficient pollination by
bumblebees ensures seed production in Pedicularislachnoglossa
(Orobanchaceae), an early‐flowering Himalayan plant. Journal of
Systematics and Evolution, 50(3), 218–226.
Bereitgestellt
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Copyright (c) 2019 Daya Ram Bhusal, Kishor Chandra Ghimire, Sabina Dulal, Pratikshya Baniya, Sudeep Thakuri
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How to Cite
Bhusal, D. R., Ghimire, K. C., Dulal, S., Baniya, P., & Thakuri, S. (2019). Spatial Relation of Bumblebees (Hymenoptera-Apidae) with Host-Plant and their Conservation Issues: An Outlook from Urban Ecosystem of Kathmandu Valley, Nepal. European Journal of Ecology, 5(2), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.2478/eje-2019-0008
