Diversity of actinobacteria in the marshes of Ezzemoul and Djendli in northeastern Algeria
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.2478/eje-2019-0009Keywords:
actinobacteria, sebkha, culture, cloning, 16s rRNA gene, phylogenetic biodiversityAbstract
The main purpose of this research is to study the microbial diversity of actinobacteria, living in “Ezzemoul” and “Djendli” sebkhas soils. These salt lakes are situated in the east of Algeria and they are microbiologically underexploited. Such unexplored ecological niches have been considered by many authors as sources of novel actinobacteria and bioactive molecules. Actinobacteria play an important role in safeguarding the environment by improving plant growth through nitrogen fixation, biodegradation, and bioremediation. Therefore, studying the diversity and distribution of actinobacteria in such special environments is important for determining the ecological and biotechnological roles of these microorganisms. In this article, we focused on the occurrence and the diversity of actinobacteria from sebkhas using two techniques: cultural and culture-independent (molecular cloning). The latter are based on phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rDNA gene. Thus, the cultural method allowed us to obtain 62 isolates: 40 from the “Ezzemoul” site and 22 from the “Djendli” site. These isolates tolerate mainly 2, 5, and 10% sodium chloride (NaCl) and belong to the genera Nocardiopsis, Streptomyces, and Rhodococcus. Moreover, the molecular cloning gave us 39 clones. Twenty-four clone sequences from “Ezzemoul” site are affiliated to the genera Demequina, Plantactinospora, Friedmanniella, and Mycobacterium. Also, 15 clone sequences from “Djendli” site are related to the genera Marmoricola, Phytoactinopolyspora, Streptomyces, and to an unclassified actinobacterial clone. Some sequences from both sites are related to uncultured clones. In addition to the data provided by the cultural method, molecular cloning allowed us to have additional information about the unknown actinobacteria, uncultured ones as well as on the genera that exist in both sites. So, the cultural method is complementary to the culture-independent one, and their combination revealed an important diversity in targeted saline environments. Furthermore, all new isolated strains that tolerate 10% NaCl may have a very interesting biotechnological potential in the future.References
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methodology. Ann Microbiol 67:175–183. doi: 10.1007/
s13213-016-1249-8
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new group of low GC and ultra-small marine Actinobacteria. Sci
Rep 3:2471. doi: 10.1038/srep02471
Guo X, Guan X, Liu C, et al (2016) Plantactinospora soyae sp. nov., an
endophytic actinomycete isolated from soybean root [Glycine
max (L.) Merr]. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 66:2578–2584. doi:
10.1099/ijsem.0.001088
Hamada M, Tamura T, Yamamura H, et al (2013) Demequina flava sp.
nov. and Demequina sediminicola sp. nov., isolated from sea
sediment. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 63:249–253. doi: 10.1099/
ijs.0.039297-0
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Ortiva fungicide by isolated actinomycetes from the activated
sludge. Desalination Water Treat 57:6091–6097. doi:
10.1080/19443994.2015.1022799
Hozzein WN (2015) Biodiversity of Halophilic and Halotolerant Actinobacteria.
In: DK Maheshwari, M Saraf (Eds.), Halophiles Sustainable Development and Biodiversity (pp.1-28). Switzerland:
Springer International Publishing
Iwai K, Aisaka K, Suzuki M (2010) Friedmanniella luteola sp. nov.,
Friedmanniella lucida sp. nov., Friedmanniella okinawensis sp.
nov. and Friedmaniella sagamiharensis sp. nov., isolated from
spiders. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 60:113–120. doi: 10.1099/
ijs.0.007815-0
Ji Y, Chunyu W-X, Li E-Y, et al (2017) Phytoactinopolyspora halotolerans
sp. nov., a halotolerant actinobacterium isolated from a saline
soil in Xinjiang, northwest of China. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek
111:27–34. doi: 10.1007/s10482-017-0923-6
Jose PA, Jebakumar SRD (2013) Phylogenetic appraisal of antagonistic,
slow growing actinomycetes isolated from hypersaline inland
solar salterns at Sambhar salt Lake, India. Front Microbiol 4:190.
doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2013.00190
Kharroub K (2007) Identification et étude moléculaire des bactéries et
des archéobactéries aérobies halophiles de la sebkha Ezzemoul
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How to Cite
Smati, M., & Kitouni, M. (2019). Diversity of actinobacteria in the marshes of Ezzemoul and Djendli in northeastern Algeria. European Journal of Ecology, 5(2), 41-53. https://doi.org/10.2478/eje-2019-0009
