Computer simulation of Upper Pennsylvanian (Missourian) carbonate-dominated cycles in western Kansas

Abstract

We describe a personal computer-based one-dimensional process (forward) stratigraphic model that simulates Upper Pennsylvanian marine carbonate-dominated cycles on a ramp shelf in western Kansas. Here we describe the logic and methodology behind the model, key concepts and parameters used in modeling, and three examples. The model parameters include a glacial-eustatic curve, tectonic subsidence, and sedimentation rates. The Pleistocene sea-level curve serves as a proxy to Pennsylvanian sea level, as used in the present model. Pennsylvanian sedimentation is estimated according to potential accumulation rates of Recent sediments. Rapid sea-level rise leads to attenuation of carbonate sedimentation, and the associated increased productivity of organic matter often results in black shale accumulation, a hallmark of the Pennsylvanian cycles. Simulation of cycles could prove useful in predicting petroleum reservoir development as sophistication of the modeling and knowledge of the processes increase. Inverse techniques will be useful to this end so that parameters can be obtained that permit models to depict characteristics of individual cycles more precisely and accurately.