Application of the Tri-Axial Type Diagram to the Study of Concrete Masonry Batch Mixes in Plant Practice

Abstract

A study of the effects and results of using various combinations of a lightweight aggregate, Portland cement, and water on the properties of 8 by 8 by 16 inch masonry units was undertaken. For this work two series of tests were performed; on one series a Stearns No. 9 Joltcrete block machine was utilized and on the other a Besser Vibrapac. The aggregate gradation used was checked at each batch to note any variations. The tri-axial method of plotting and organizing the batch compositions and data was employed for the study and proved to be an excellent means for correlating variations. Data indicate that there is an optimum water content which must be maintained for best overall results. At this water content the cement-aggregate proportions can be varied widely yet produce very satisfactory blocks. It was also noted that variations in water content affected block texture markedly. While the data presented could apply only to the particular aggregate studied, this method is suggested as an easy means for any block manufacturer to study mixes to work toward optimum conditions.