Influence of Bone Cement Augmentation on Complications in Cephalomedullary Nail Fixation of Geriatric Intertrochanteric Hip Fractures

Resumen

Introduction. The purpose of this study was to determine if augmentation of the helical blade with polymethylmethacrylate bone cement decreases the rates of varus cut-out and medial perforation in geriatric intertrochanteric hip fracture fixation.

Methods. This was a retrospective comparative cohort study at two urban level I trauma centers. Patients with an extracapsular hip fracture (classified as AO 31A1-3) who were treated with the TFN-Advanced Proximal Femoral Nailing System (TFNA) from January 2018 to December 2021 were eligible for the study. Medical records and postoperative radiographs were reviewed to determine procedure complications and reoperations.

Results. Of the 179 patients studied, cement augmentation (CA) was used in 93 patients (52%) and no cement augmentation (NCA) was used in 86 (48%). There were no significant differences between group demographics and fracture reduction grades. Varus cut-out occurred 3 times in the CA group and 5 times in the NCA group (p = 0.484). Medial perforation occurred 3 times, all in the NCA group (p = 0.109). The most frequent complication was symptomatic blade lateralization, with 8 occurrences in the CA group compared with 2 in the NCA group (p = 0.102). There were 10 reoperations in the CA group and 9 in the NCA group (p > 0.999). The most common reason for revision was varus cut-out and most common revision procedure was hip arthroplasty.

Conclusions. Intertrochanteric hip fractures treated with the TFNA fixation system with and without cement augmentation have similar complication profiles and failure rates.